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Θ – Internal Friction Angle of Soil (degree)

H – Depth of the Borehole below Ground Surface (ft)
B – Internal Bore Diameter (inch)
δ = Θ

γ – Unit Weight of Soil (lb/ft3)


E – Apparent Modulus of Elasticity (psi)
DR – Standard Dimensions Ratio

γw – Unit Weight of Fluid in Borehole (lb/ft3)
D – Pipe Outside Diameter (inch)
I – Moment of Inertia of the Pipe Cross-Section (inch4/inch
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t – Pipe Wall Thickness (inch)

μ – Poisson’s Ratio
R- Radius of Curvature (ft)

f0 – Ovality compensation factor based on % of Deflection (𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑂𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦)



