Hot Tap Sizing
Introduction When a compressible fluid, such as natural gas or air, is passed through an orifice, the rate of flow...
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Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connection – Gas
Introduction One of the first methods of providing branch connections was to stub a branch line into a run. Sometimes... -
Relief Valve: Reactive Force in an Open System
Introduction This calculation determines the force at the point of discharge of a pressure relieving device. API 520 indicates that... -
Relief Valve: Sizing For Gas or Vapor Services
Critical Flow Behavior If a compressible gas is expanded across a nozzle, an orifice, or the end of a pipe,... -
PLTB Gas Services – Pipeline Facilities
Introduction The Pipeline Toolbox is home to many tools and calculators. The PLTB User’s Guide presents information, guidelines and procedures...